Flame
Resistant Childrens Sleepwear
Harmful or Helpful?
By
Amy Willbanks,
Textile
Fabric Consultants, Inc.
5499 Murfreesboro Rd. Suite D
LaVergne, TN 37086
615-459-7510 / 800-210-9394
fax: 615-459-3744
e-mail: textilefc@aol.com
website: www.textilefabric.com
The
Flammable Fabrics Act was passed by Congress in 1953 due to several apparel-fire
related deaths. The law forbids the
marketing of dangerously flammable material, including all wearing apparel,
regardless of fiber content or construction method.1 This law was amended in 1972 to include a more rigid test
method for fabrics used for childrens sleepwear in sizes 0-6X.
Another amendment was added in 1975 that increased the sizes of
childrens sleepwear to include sizes 7-14.
Fabrics used for childrens sleepwear must meet the testing standards
after 50 wash cycles.
Controversy
over the guidelines concerning childrens sleepwear has existed since 1976.
One major issue was the use of a flame retardant chemical that was
suspected of causing cancer.
These retardants could be absorbed through the skin or orally ingested by
infants. Scientists estimated that
even if the sleepwear were prewashed three
times the cancer risk would still
be about 2,000 cancers per million children per year.
The Consumer Product Safety Commission (CPSC) took action regarding this
potential hazard and in 1977 most manufacturers who used the hazardous chemical
switched to alternative methods of flame retardants. Other retailers and manufacturers attached warning labels to
the garments.
A
more recent issue that has caused concern among parents is the 1996 ruling by
the Consumer Product Safety Commission to allow snug or tight fitting cotton
garments for infants (0-9 months) and to be sold as sleepwear even if the
garments are not fire retardant. One
of CPSCs reasons for this amendment was that infants that fall into this
garment size category are not as mobile as older infants and children. This ruling has caused and is still causing much debate
regarding the issue. Adults who
were badly burned as an infant have spoken out against it.
Regardless
of the rulings by the CPSC, the following general rules of caution can be
applied to prevent and minimize injury to infants, children and also adults:
1.
Read the labels of garments before purchasing them.
Many retailers may display flame resistant and non-flame resistant
sleepwear next to each other. Unless
there is a label stating that the garment is flame resistant, the garment should
be considered not safe for childrens sleepwear.
2.
Watch for recalls on childrens and adult
garments that do not meet flammability standards.
The Limited Too recently voluntarily recalled a childrens satin
sleepwear set because it did not meet the flammability standards for
childrens sleepwear. Many manufacturers and retailers voluntarily recall their
product when they discover that it fails to meet flammability standards.
For more information on recalls check www.cpsc.gov/
and www.familyeducation.com
on the Internet.
3.
Avoid substituting loose fitting garments such as T-shirts for correct
sleepwear.
4.
Fabric stores sell flame retardant fabrics for children's clothing.
Look for the label on the bolt when purchasing fabric to make garments
and sleepwear.
5.
Remember that fabrics with a loose or fluffy pile will ignite faster than
fabrics with a close tight weave.
Copyright
Amy Willbanks
Courtesy of Textile Fabric Consultants
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